1. Prenatal Environmental Influences: Teratogens
1.1. Effects
1.2. Maternal disease
1.2.1. Viruses
1.2.1.1. Rubella
1.2.1.2. AIDS
1.2.1.3. Herpes
1.2.2. Bacterial and parasitic diseases
1.3. Prescription and non prescription drugs
- Thalidomide
- Aspirin
- Caffeine
1.4. Illegal drugs
1.4.1. Cocaine
1.4.2. Marijuana
1.5. Tobacco
1.6. Alcohol
1.6.1. Fetal Alcohol syndrome
1.6.2. Fetal Alcohol effects
1.6.3. Consequences of alcohol
1.7. Hormones
1.8. Radiation
1.9. Environmental pollution
1.9.1. Mercury
1.9.2. Lead
1.9.3. Polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs)
2. Birth
2.1. Labour and delivery
2.1.1. Three stages of delivery
2.1.2. Babys adaptation to delivery
2.1.3. Newborns appearance
2.1.4. APGAR
2.2. Approaches to childbirth
2.2.1. Childbirth practices
2.2.2. Natural childbirth
2.2.3. Home birth
2.2.4. Medicines used in childbirth - see text
2.3. Postpartum depression - see text
2.4. Birth complications
2.4.1. Oxygen deprivation
2.4.2. Prematurity and low birth weight
3. The Newborn
3.1. Assessing the Newborn
- APGAR
- Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS)
3.2. The Newborns Reflexes
3.3. Newborn States
- REM sleep
- NREM sleep (non-rapid-eye-movement sleep)
4. Physical and motor development
4.1. Physical growth
4.1.1. Feature of human growth
- Distance curve
- Velocity curve
- Fontanels
4.1.2. Variations on the average profile
- Worldwide variations
- Secular trends
4.1.3. Mechanisms of physical growth
- Heredity
- Hormones
- Pituitary gland
- Hypothalamus
- Growth hormone (GH)
- Thyroxine
- Nutrition
4.1.4. The adolescent growth spurt and puberty
-see text
4.2. Problems with physical growth
4.2.1. Malnutrition
4.2.2. Anorexia and bulimia - see text
4.2.3. Obesity
4.2.4. Infectious disease
4.2.5. Emotional well-being
- Non-organic failure to thrive
- Deprivation dwarfism